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Medicines > classes : Anticonvulsant or Opioid or [[:Category:Bowel_preparation_agents|Bowel preparation agent]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (12)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Sodium channel blocker (2)
uses:
None (48) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000056-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000057-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000132F-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00001330-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (48) · 4 L oral solution (GoLYTELY-class) split-dose: 2 L evening before, 2 L morning of procedure; low-volume products (MoviPrep, Plenvu) use 1-2 L with required clear-fluid intake (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Constipation: 17 g (one capful) PO daily dissolved in 4-8 oz fluid; bowel prep: 4 L of PEG-electrolyte solution split-dose evening before and morning of procedure (1)
preparations:
None (48) · 17 g (OTC) and 14 g (Rx) powder packets; 238, 510, 527 g bottles; PEG-electrolyte preparations 4 L (GoLYTELY, NuLYTELY) (1) · Powder for oral solution in 4 L jugs (PEG 3350 ~236 g + NaCl, NaHCO3, KCl, Na2SO4) and low-volume packets (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (48) · 360 mg/day (1) · 4 L per procedure (standard-volume products) (1) · Indication-specific; bowel prep regimens reach 4 L cumulative (1)
routes:
None (48) · Oral (2) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (48) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Constipation: 1-3 days; bowel prep: 1-3 hours after starting (1) · First bowel movement within 1-2 hours (1)
duration:
None (48) · 4-6 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1) · Hours (1)
halflife:
None (48) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Not absorbed (1) · Not meaningfully described (negligible systemic absorption) (1)
bioavailability:
None (48) · <0.1% systemic absorption (PEG 3350 is too large to absorb intact) (1) · Negligible (not absorbed)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000058-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (48) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Generally considered safe due to minimal systemic absorption.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Not absorbed; generally considered acceptable when bowel prep is required<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (48) · OTC (MiraLAX) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (electrolyte solutions for bowel prep) in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (most products; some low-volume packs OTC) (1)

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