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Medicines > classes : Anticonvulsant or Opioid or [[:Category:Incretin_modulators|Incretin pathway modulator]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (12)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Sodium channel blocker (2)
uses:
None (48) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000764-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000117B-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (48) · 100 mg PO once daily (50 mg if CrCl 30-44; 25 mg if <30 or dialysis) (1) · 5 mg PO once daily (no renal dose adjustment, unlike sitagliptin) (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (48) · 25, 50, 100 mg tablets; combination tablets with metformin (1) · 5 mg tablets; combination with metformin (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (48) · 100 mg/d (1) · 360 mg/day (1) · 5 mg/d (1)
routes:
None (48) · Oral (2) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (48) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Postprandial glucose effect within days; HbA1c by 12 weeks (2)
duration:
None (48) · 24 hours (2) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (48) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~12 hours (effective); terminal much longer'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117C-QINU`"' (1) · ~12.4 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000765-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (48) · ~30% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-0000117D-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~87% (oral)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000766-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (48) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Limited data; switch to insulin where feasible.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (2)
legal:
None (48) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (2)

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