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Drilldown: Medicines

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Medicines > classes : Anticonvulsant or Opioid or [[:Category:Intranasal_antihistamines|Intranasal antihistamine]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (12)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Sodium channel blocker (2)
uses:
None (50) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B3-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000013B5-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (50) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Intranasal 0.1% or 0.15%: 1-2 sprays/nostril BID; ophthalmic 0.05%: 1 drop in each eye BID (1)
preparations:
None (50) · 0.1%, 0.15% intranasal spray; 0.05% ophthalmic solution; combination Dymista (azelastine 0.137 mg + fluticasone 50 mcg/spray) (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (50) · 2 sprays/nostril BID (1) · 360 mg/day (1)
routes:
None (50) · Intranasal (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · topical ophthalmic (1)
onset:
None (50) · 15 minutes (1) · 30–60 min (PO) (1)
duration:
None (50) · 12 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (50) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~22 hours; longer 54 hours (desmethylazelastine, active metabolite)'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B6-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (50) · Intranasal ~40% systemic; ophthalmic minimal'"`UNIQ--ref-000013B7-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (50) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Limited data; second-line to intranasal corticosteroids or PO loratadine/cetirizine.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (50) · OTC (Astepro 0.15%) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (other intranasal, ophthalmic, Dymista) in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)

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