Drilldown: Medicines

Codeine (2)

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None (13)

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Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antipsychotic · Antiparkinsonian · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2)

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None (48) · Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain (1) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000008-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000009-QINU`"' (2) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000C-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000E-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000000F-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000065-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AD-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000AE-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000000CF-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000000D1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A0-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000003A1-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000069C-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000081E-QINU`"' (1)

None (55) · 25 mg (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1) · One cup (~80–145 mg caffeine for brewed; 60–100 mg for instant) (1)

None (48) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) · Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) · Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) · Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) · Roasted beans, ground; brewed (drip, French press, espresso, cold brew, percolated) (1) · Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1) · Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)

None (58) · 200 mg/d (1) · 360 mg/day (1)

None (47) · buccal); refined cocaine has its own profile (1) · Oral (9) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Oral (buccal) (1) · Oral (leaf (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)

None (54) · 15–30 min (2) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1) · ~15–30 min (1)

None (54) · 2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · 3–5 h (subjective) (1) · 4–6 hours (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)

None (55) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (2)

None (56) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~99% (caffeine) (1)

None (56) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1) · Limit to <200 mg/d (~2 cups brewed) (1)

None (54) · Leaves legal in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia; cocaine internationally controlled (1) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1) · Unrestricted (food) (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)