Drilldown: Medicines

Codeine (2)

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None (13) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Anafranil (1) · Aurorix (1) · Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle, Irenka, Yentreve (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Edronax (1) · Fetzima (1) · Fioricet, Esgic; with codeine as Fioricet with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Fiorinal; with codeine as Fiorinal with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Ludiomil (1) · Marplan (1) · Nardil (1) · Norpramin (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Parnate (1) · Savella (1) · Serzone (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Sufenta (1) · Surmontil (1) · Talwin (1) · Tofranil (1) · Ultiva (1) · Valdoxan (1) · Vicodin (1) · Vivactil (1) · Zoloft (1)

Research material · Classic Psychedelic · Stimulant · Opioid · Sedative-Hypnotic · Phenethylamine · Tryptamine · Benzodiazepine · Botanical · [[:Category:Antihypertensives|Antihypertensive]] · Dissociative · Anticonvulsant · Antidepressant · Plant Medicine · Analgesic · Antiparkinsonian · Antipsychotic · Empathogen · Neuroleptic · Cathinone

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None (2) · Active metabolite of tramadol; mu-opioid agonist (1) · Extremely potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (1) · Highly potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (1) · Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor (3) · Kappa agonist; mu antagonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist (1) · Kappa agonist; mu partial agonist/antagonist (1) · Melatonin receptor agonist; 5-HT2C antagonist (1) · Mitragynine/7-hydroxymitragynine; mu-opioid partial agonist (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; modulates glutamate AMPA receptors (1) · Mu-opioid agonist; norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; fentanyl analogue (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; prodrug (metabolized to morphine) (1) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist; sodium channel blocker (1) · Mu/kappa/delta agonist; NMDA antagonist (1) · Opioid receptor partial agonist/antagonist; toxic alkaloid (1) · Partial mu-opioid receptor agonist; alpha-2 agonist (1) · Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; calcium channel blocker (1) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor; also NRI (1) · Prodrug of morphine; mu-opioid receptor agonist (1) · Prodrug; converted to [[Morphine|morphine]] by [[Enzyme:CYP2D6|CYP2D6]] for analgesic action. (1) · Reversible inhibitor of MAO-A (1) · Selective mu-opioid receptor agonist (1) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (3) · Serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT2A antagonist (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (balanced) (1) · Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (2) · TrkB/BDNF'"`UNIQ--ref-00000084-QINU`"' '"`UNIQ--vote-00000085-QINU`"' (1) · Ultra-short-acting mu-opioid agonist (1) · Weak SRI; primarily H1/D2/alpha antagonist (1)

None (46) · Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, chronic musculoskeletal pain (1) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159E-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000015B6-QINU`"' (1)

None (46) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg acetaminophen / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg aspirin / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 25 mg (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)

None (46) · 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets; oral concentrate 20 mg/mL (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules and tablets; oral solution (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)

None (46) · 200 mg/d (1) · 360 mg/day (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg acetaminophen, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg aspirin, 240 mg caffeine) (1)

None (45) · Oral (4) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)

None (45) · 30-60 minutes (2) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Anxiolysis classically 3-4 weeks, continuing improvement to 8-12 weeks (1) · Mood: 2–4 weeks. Pain: often within 1–2 weeks. (1)

None (45) · 4-6 hours (2) · 4–6 hours (1) · Chronic daily dosing (1) · Long (1)

None (45) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours (long; cumulative effects with frequent use); acetaminophen 1-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000159F-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours; aspirin (acetyl group) ~15 minutes, salicylate 2-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B7-QINU`"' (1) · ~12 hours (1) · ~26 h (sertraline; range 13-45 h, longer in females); ~62-104 h (N-desmethylsertraline, weakly active) (1)

None (45) · Absolute bioavailability not precisely characterized; food modestly increases exposure (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; aspirin 50-75%; caffeine ~100%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B8-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; caffeine ~100%; acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015A0-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (highly variable) (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)

None (45) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Avoided; barbiturate + aspirin teratogenicity and bleeding concerns.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Category C (1) · Category C'"`UNIQ--ref-0000008F-QINU`"' (1) · Generally avoided; barbiturate exposure in late pregnancy can produce neonatal withdrawal and respiratory depression.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)

None (46) · Rx-only (1) · Rx-only in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule III|Schedule III controlled substance]] in US (Fiorinal is scheduled federally; Fioricet with acetaminophen is unscheduled federally despite identical butalbital content, a regulatory quirk) (1)