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Medicines > classes : Antiparkinsonian or Opioid or [[:Category:Antacids|Antacid (carbonate)]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (13) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Akineton (1) · Alfenta (1) · Apokyn (1) · Artane (1) · Azilect (1) · Cogentin (1) · Comtan (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dolophine (1) · Dostinex (1) · Duragesic (1) · Eldepryl (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Neupro (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Ongentys (1) · Opana (1) · Parlodel (1) · Sinemet (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Suboxone (1) · Sufenta (1) · Symmetrel (1) · Talwin (1) · Tasmar (1) · Tums, Caltrate, Os-Cal, Citracal; many generics (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1) · Xadago (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Irreversible selective MAO-B inhibitor (2)
uses:
None (47) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B8-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012B9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000012BB-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (47) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Oral: 1000-1500 mg elemental calcium/day in divided doses for supplementation; IV gluconate 1 g (4.65 mEq) over 5-10 min for hyperkalemia or symptomatic hypocalcemia (1)
preparations:
None (47) · Carbonate 200, 400, 500, 600 mg elemental tablets and chewables; citrate 200, 250, 315 mg elemental; gluconate 1 g (94 mg elemental, 4.65 mEq) IV; chloride 1 g (270 mg elemental, 13.6 mEq) IV (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (47) · 360 mg/day (1) · ~2500 mg elemental/d combined diet + supplements (chronic; UL) (1)
routes:
None (47) · IV (gluconate or chloride for acute use) (1) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (47) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Acute: minutes (IV); chronic: bone effect over months (1)
duration:
None (47) · 4–6 hours (1) · Variable (1)
halflife:
None (47) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Not meaningfully described (electrolyte) (1)
bioavailability:
None (47) · Carbonate ~30-40% (best with food and acid); citrate ~24% (absorbable without acid; preferred in achlorhydria, PPI use, post-bariatric) (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (47) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Routinely supplemented in pregnancy; needs higher in pregnancy and lactation.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (47) · OTC (oral supplements) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (IV) in US (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)

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