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Medicines > classes : Botanical or Opioid or [[:Category:IBD_medications|IBD medication]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (32) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Asacol HD, Pentasa, Lialda, Apriso, Delzicol, Rowasa (rectal), Canasa (suppository) (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Sufenta (1) · Talwin (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2)
uses:
None (49) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BBC-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000BBD-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (49) · Active UC: Lialda 2.4-4.8 g PO once daily, Apriso 1.5 g PO once daily; maintenance 1.2-2.4 g/d; rectal Rowasa enema 4 g HS for distal disease; Canasa 1 g suppository HS for proctitis (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (49) · Multiple non-bioequivalent oral formulations (pH-, time-, and moisture-dependent release); rectal enema 4 g/60 mL; 1 g rectal suppository (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (49) · 360 mg/day (1) · Formulation-specific; ~4.8 g/d typical maximum oral (1)
routes:
None (49) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · rectal (1)
onset:
None (49) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Symptomatic improvement 2-4 weeks (1)
duration:
None (49) · 24 hours (most ER formulations) (1) · 4–6 hours (1)
halflife:
None (49) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · ~5-10 hours (5-ASA)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BBE-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (49) · Highly formulation-dependent; the goal is colonic delivery with minimal systemic exposure'"`UNIQ--ref-00000BBF-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (49) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Generally considered safe at standard doses; benefits typically outweigh in active IBD.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (49) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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