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Medicines > classes : Botanical or Opioid or [[:Category:Tocolytics|Tocolytic (off-label)]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (32) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Procardia, Procardia XL, Adalat CC, Afeditab CR (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Sufenta (1) · Talwin (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2)
uses:
None (49) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000747-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000748-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000749-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000074A-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000074B-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000074C-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (49) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · ER 30-60 mg PO once daily; immediate-release 10 mg PO TID (now rarely used for hypertension due to reflex tachycardia) (1)
preparations:
None (49) · 10, 20 mg IR capsules; 30, 60, 90 mg ER tablets (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (49) · 120 mg/d (ER); IR not for chronic hypertension (1) · 360 mg/day (1)
routes:
None (49) · MI reports) (1) · Oral; sublingual IR is discouraged (uncontrolled BP drops (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (49) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · IR 20 minutes; ER ~6 hours (1)
duration:
None (49) · 4–6 hours (1) · IR 4-8 hours; ER 24 hours (1)
halflife:
None (49) · 2-5 hours (IR); ER formulations extend functional duration via osmotic/matrix release'"`UNIQ--ref-0000074D-QINU`"' (1) · 2.5–3 hours (1)
bioavailability:
None (49) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~50% IR (extensive first-pass via CYP3A4); ER products release-rate-limited'"`UNIQ--ref-0000074E-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (49) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Oral nifedipine is one of the preferred agents for severe hypertension in pregnancy and for tocolysis in preterm labor.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (49) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)

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