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Medicines > classes : Classic Psychedelic or Opioid or [[:Category:Methylxanthines|Methylxanthine (caffeine)]]

Use the filters below to narrow your results.

generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (81) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Darvon (1) · Delysid (historical, Sandoz, withdrawn 1965) (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Duragesic (1) · Fioricet, Esgic; with codeine as Fioricet with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Fiorinal; with codeine as Fiorinal with Codeine (Schedule III) (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Sufenta (1) · Talwin (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
5-HT2A agonist (26) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · None (2) · Contains LSA (2) · Contains mescaline (2)
uses:
None (99) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159D-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-0000159E-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000015B6-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (99) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg acetaminophen / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · 1-2 capsules (50 mg butalbital / 325 mg aspirin / 40 mg caffeine each) PO every 4 hours as needed; maximum 6 capsules/d (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (99) · 50/325/40 mg capsules (1) · 50/325/40 mg capsules and tablets; oral solution (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (99) · 360 mg/day (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg acetaminophen, 240 mg caffeine) (1) · 6 capsules/d (300 mg butalbital, 1950 mg aspirin, 240 mg caffeine) (1)
routes:
None (98) · Oral (3) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (98) · 30-60 minutes (2) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · 30–60 minutes (1)
duration:
None (98) · 4-6 hours (2) · 4–6 hours (1) · 8–12 hours (1)
halflife:
None (98) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · 3–5 hours (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours (long; cumulative effects with frequent use); acetaminophen 1-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-0000159F-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital ~35 hours; aspirin (acetyl group) ~15 minutes, salicylate 2-3 hours; caffeine 3-7 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B7-QINU`"' (1)
bioavailability:
None (98) · 70–90% (oral) (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; aspirin 50-75%; caffeine ~100%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015B8-QINU`"' (1) · Butalbital well-absorbed; caffeine ~100%; acetaminophen 85-98%'"`UNIQ--ref-000015A0-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1)
pregnancy:
None (98) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Avoided; barbiturate + aspirin teratogenicity and bleeding concerns.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Generally avoided; barbiturate exposure in late pregnancy can produce neonatal withdrawal and respiratory depression.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1) · Not established (1)
legal:
None (99) · Schedule I (United States) (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Schedule III|Schedule III controlled substance]] in US (Fiorinal is scheduled federally; Fioricet with acetaminophen is unscheduled federally despite identical butalbital content, a regulatory quirk) (1)

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