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Medicines > classes : Dissociative or Opioid or [[:Category:Prokinetics|Prokinetic]]

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (29) · (multiple, generic dominant) (1) · Alfenta (1) · Darvon (1) · Demerol (1) · Dilaudid (1) · Dolophine (1) · Duragesic (1) · DXM (1) · DXO (1) · Heroin (1) · Krokodil (1) · Nubain (1) · Nucynta (1) · O-DSMT (1) · Opana (1) · Reglan, Gimoti (intranasal), Metozolv ODT (1) · Spravato (1) · Stablon (1) · Stadol (1) · Suboxone (1) · Sufenta (1) · Talwin (1) · Ultiva (1) · Vicodin (1)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · NMDA antagonist (3) · None (2) · NMDA antagonist; sigma receptor agonist (2)
uses:
None (50) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults, as adjunct to oral antidepressant (FDA-approved March 2019). Depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (FDA-approved Aug 2020). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF4-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF5-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF6-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF7-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000EF8-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (50) · 10 mg PO/IV/IM QID, '''not to exceed 12 weeks''' (tardive dyskinesia risk); intranasal Gimoti 15 mg BID (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · Induction (TRD): 56 mg intranasal twice weekly × 4 weeks. Maintenance: 56-84 mg once weekly × 4 weeks, then 56-84 mg every 1-2 weeks. For acute suicidality: 84 mg twice weekly × 4 weeks. Administered under medical supervision in REMS-certified site. (1)
preparations:
None (50) · 28 mg/device (each dose uses 2 devices) (1) · 5, 10 mg tablets; 5 mg/5 mL solution; 5 mg/mL IV; 15 mg/spray intranasal (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (50) · 360 mg/day (1) · 40 mg/d (1) · 84 mg per session (1)
routes:
None (50) · IM (1) · intranasal (1) · Intranasal (under direct medical supervision) (1) · IV (1) · Oral (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1)
onset:
None (50) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · IV/IM 1-3 minutes; PO 30-60 minutes (1) · Within hours of first administration (1)
duration:
None (50) · 4-6 hours (1) · 4–6 hours (1) · Acute effect ~24 hours; cumulative effect builds with repeated dosing (1)
halflife:
None (50) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · 5-6 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EF9-QINU`"' (1) · ~7-12 hours (1)
bioavailability:
None (50) · ~48% intranasal (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~80% (oral; reduced by significant first-pass)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFA-QINU`"' (1)
pregnancy:
None (50) · Avoid; may cause fetal harm (1) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Widely used for hyperemesis gravidarum; reassuring data.<sup class="pcp-cn" title="This claim needs a citation.">&#91;[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation&nbsp;needed]]&#93;</sup> (1)
legal:
None (50) · Rx, Schedule III (US). REMS program required. (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US. Carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for '''tardive dyskinesia''' (irreversible movement disorder), driving the 12-week chronic-use limit'"`UNIQ--ref-00000EFB-QINU`"' (1)

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