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Medicines > classes : Neuroleptic or Opioid or Psychostimulant

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generic:
Codeine (2)
brand:
None (12)
classes: (Click arrow to add another value)
mechanism:
Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Phenothiazine D2 antagonist (4)
uses:
None (49) · ADHD, narcolepsy (1) · Mild to moderate pain; cough suppression (low-dose). (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000150-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000151-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-000004B9-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004BA-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-000004BB-QINU`"' (1) · '"`UNIQ--vote-00000562-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000563-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000564-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000565-QINU`"', '"`UNIQ--vote-00000566-QINU`"' (1)
starting dose:
None (51) · 2.5 mg IR, 5 mg XR, or 12.5mg Mydayis (1) · 5 mg PO (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1)
preparations:
None (51) · Desoxyn 5 mg tabs (1) · IR tabs 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 30 mg; XR caps 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg; Mydayis caps 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 mg (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1)
fda max:
None (51) · 25 mg/day (ADHD per Desoxyn label); 15 mg/day (obesity, short-term, per Desoxyn label) (1) · 360 mg/day (1) · XR = 40 or 60 mg/d; IR = 40 or 60 mg/d'"`UNIQ--ref-00000567-QINU`"' (1)
routes:
None (49) · Oral (3) · Oral (prescribed) (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · transdermal (1)
onset:
None (50) · 20–60 min (oral) (1) · 30–60 min (1) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · IR: 30–60 min; XR: 1–2 h to peak effect (1)
duration:
None (50) · 4–6 hours (1) · IR 3–5 h; LA/SR 6–8 h; Concerta 10–12 h; Daytrana ~9 h wear time (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 10–12 h; Mydayis 14–16 h (1) · IR 4–6 h; XR 8–12 h (1)
halflife:
None (50) · 2.2 h (IR parent); ~3 h (XR parent) (1) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · 2–3 h (parent compound) (1) · D-amphetamine ~10 h; L-amphetamine ~13 h (adults) (1)
bioavailability:
None (50) · ~22–25% (1) · ~30% (high first-pass) (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~75–90% (oral) (1)
pregnancy:
None (49) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Category C (2) · Category C (per Desoxyn label) (1) · Pregnancy categories were retired by FDA in 2015. Limited reproductive data with small observational signal for cardiac malformations; risk-benefit decision, with many patients deferring ADHD treatment during pregnancy. See pregnancy_details for the full discussion. (1)
legal:
None (49) · Schedule II (4) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1)

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