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Codeine (2)

None (12)

Other values:

Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · None (2)

Other values:

None (44) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · A measured pour of absinthe diluted 5:1 with cold water over sugar (the louche ritual) (1) · Adult: 15–60 mg every 4 hours as needed. (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1) · One cup (~80–145 mg caffeine for brewed; 60–100 mg for instant) (1) · Topical 2% shampoo twice weekly for seborrheic dermatitis or tinea versicolor; oral use restricted by 2013 FDA action to indications where alternatives have failed (1) · Topical cream/lotion BID; shampoo twice weekly; nail lacquer (Penlac) once daily for up to 48 weeks (1) · Topical: 1% cream BID × 2-4 weeks; vaginal: 1% or 2% cream nightly × 7 days, or 100/200/500 mg vaginal tablet single or 3-day regimens; troche: 10 mg PO five times daily × 2 weeks for thrush (1)

None (29) · 0.77% topical cream, lotion, suspension; 1% shampoo; 8% nail lacquer (Penlac) (1) · 1% (OTC), 2% (Rx) shampoo; 2% cream; 2% gel; 200 mg oral tablet (rarely used now) (1) · 1% topical cream, lotion, solution; 1%, 2% vaginal cream; 100, 200, 500 mg vaginal tablets; 10 mg oral troches; combination with betamethasone (Lotrisone, Rx) (1) · A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) · Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bark/woody stem decocted with a DMT-source plant (''Psychotria viridis'', ''Diplopterys cabrerana'') to make ayahuasca (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Dried leaves; absinthe liqueur (120–160 proof, with hyssop, lemon balm, fennel, anise, sometimes Acorus calamus) (1) · Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) · Flowers or leaves infused or smoked. Highly variable potency; narrow toxic margin (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) · Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) · Leaves and seeds, traditionally smoked or infused. Possibly the original Pythia oracle plant (1) · Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) · Leaves, berries, root. Historically: belladonna cigarettes ("Asthmador") OTC in US until the 1970s (1) · Roasted beans, ground; brewed (drip, French press, espresso, cold brew, percolated) (1) · Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) · Root bark acid/base-extracted for DMT; or as the resurrected ''jurema preta'' brew (decocted with an MAOI such as ''Peganum harmala'') (1) · Root, traditionally carved into ''mannikens'' or infused into wine (1) · Tablet (15, 30, 60 mg); oral solution; combination products (with [[Acetaminophen|acetaminophen]] or ibuprofen). (1) · Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1)

None (48) · 360 mg/day (1) · BID topical; once daily nail lacquer (1) · Topical: BID; troche: 5×/day (1) · Topical: regimen-specific; oral: 400 mg/d in remaining specialty indications (1)

None (29) · buccal); refined cocaine has its own profile (1) · gel); oral (restricted) (1) · inhalation (2) · Oral (14) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Oral (buccal) (1) · Oral (leaf (1) · Oral (with MAOI) (2) · oral troche (1) · PO (only formulation marketed in the US). (1) · shampoo (1) · smoked (extracted DMT) (1) · Topical (3) · Topical (cream (1) · vaginal (1)

None (45) · 15–30 min (2) · 30–60 min (PO) (1) · Days (1) · Days for dermatophyte clearance; nail clearance over months (1) · Topical hours; oral days (1) · ~15–30 min (1)

None (45) · 2–4 h (1) · 3–4 h (1) · 3–5 h (subjective) (1) · 4–6 hours (1) · Hours per application (2) · Hours per application (topical); 24 hours (oral) (1)

None (46) · 2.5–3 hours (1) · Not meaningfully described (minimal systemic absorption from topical use)'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F45-QINU`"' (1) · Not meaningfully described (topical local action)'"`UNIQ--ref-00001239-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: not meaningfully described; oral 2-8 hours'"`UNIQ--ref-00000888-QINU`"' (1) · ~5 h (caffeine) (2)

None (47) · Topical with minimal systemic absorption'"`UNIQ--ref-0000123A-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic; oral: pH-dependent, requires gastric acid'"`UNIQ--ref-00000889-QINU`"' (1) · Topical: minimal systemic; troche: ~3% systemic'"`UNIQ--ref-00000F46-QINU`"' (1) · ~50% (variable, CYP2D6-dependent for analgesic effect). (1) · ~99% (caffeine) (1)

None (47) · Avoid; risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal with chronic use; UM-mother breastfeeding contraindicated. (1) · Generally considered safe (minimal systemic absorption).[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Limit to <200 mg/d (~2 cups brewed) (1) · Topical and vaginal generally considered safe; widely used.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1) · Topical generally safe; oral avoided.[[[Pharmacopedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]] (1)

None (43) · Currently legal in most jurisdictions with thujone limits (1) · Leaves legal in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia; cocaine internationally controlled (1) · OTC (1% shampoo) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (higher strengths, oral) in US. Oral form carries a '''Boxed Warning''' for hepatotoxicity and is restricted by FDA to refractory fungal infections where no alternatives are available (1) · OTC (lower strengths) and [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] (combination with betamethasone) in US (1) · Plant unrestricted; pharmaceutical atropine Rx-only (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1) · Unrestricted (food) (1) · US Schedule II (single-entity); Schedule III–V (combination products by content). (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)