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: 100% (IV)

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None (6)

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Research material (131) · Classic Psychedelic (69) · Stimulant (43) · Opioid (31) · Sedative-Hypnotic (29) · Tryptamine (26) · Phenethylamine (25) · Botanical (23) · Benzodiazepine (22) · Anticonvulsant (19) · Dissociative (19) · Plant Medicine (18) · Analgesic (17) · Antidepressant (17) · Antipsychotic (17) · Antiparkinsonian (16) · Empathogen (16) · Neuroleptic (16) · Cathinone (14) · Nootropic (13)

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5-HT2A agonist (27) · GABAA positive allosteric modulator (22) · None (14) · Monoamine releasing agent (11) · CB1/CB2 agonist (7) · Potent mu-opioid receptor agonist (6) · Sodium channel blocker (6) · Dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (5) · GABAA potentiator; NMDA antagonist (5) · Phenothiazine D2 antagonist (5) · Potent 5-HT2A agonist (5) · 5-HT1B/1D agonist (4) · LSD analogue; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Mu-opioid receptor agonist (4) · Muscarinic receptor antagonist (4) · Prodrug of LSD; 5-HT2A agonist (4) · Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (4)

None (414) · 0.5–1 oz (10–30 g) ground for psychoactive effect; far smaller for culinary use (1) · 10 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks (1) · 100 mg IV every 3 months; may increase to 300 mg IV every 3 months (1) · 5 mg PO (1) · 700 mg IV q4w × 3 doses, then 1400 mg IV q4w; may discontinue when amyloid PET shows clearance (1) · A ''marduuf'' bundle (~50 g fresh leaves) chewed over a couple of hours (1) · A measured pour of absinthe diluted 5:1 with cold water over sugar (the louche ritual) (1) · Migraine: 240 mg SC loading dose, then 120 mg SC monthly. Cluster: 300 mg SC at onset of cluster period, then monthly during cluster. (1) · One cup (~40–60 mg caffeine; about half of brewed coffee) (1) · Single 60-hour continuous IV infusion: 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 20h → 90 mcg/kg/h × 28h → 60 mcg/kg/h × 4h → 30 mcg/kg/h × 4h (1) · Volume titrated to clinical status; typical adult bolus 500-1000 mL, then reassess (1) · Was 1 mg/kg IV q4w × 2, then 3 mg/kg × 2, then 6 mg/kg × 2, then 10 mg/kg q4w (1)

None (398) · 100 mg/20 mL vial, single-use (1) · 100 mg/mL vial for IV infusion (1) · 120 mg/mL prefilled syringe or autoinjector (1) · 200 mg/2 mL, 500 mg/5 mL vials for IV infusion (1) · 250, 500, 1000 mL IV bags. Composition per liter: Na+ 130 mEq, K+ 4 mEq, Ca2+ 3 mEq, Cl- 109 mEq, lactate 28 mEq (1) · 350 mg/20 mL vial for IV infusion (1) · A ''betel quid'': areca nut slice + betel leaf + slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) ± tobacco ± spices, chewed (1) · Acid/base extraction of fresh young grass for tryptamines; combined with an MAOI (1) · Bark/woody stem decocted with a DMT-source plant (''Psychotria viridis'', ''Diplopterys cabrerana'') to make ayahuasca (1) · Bright red seeds, traditionally ingested or smoked. Highly toxic, narrow margin between active and lethal (1) · Desoxyn 5 mg tabs (1) · Dried leaves and twigs, infused in a gourd (''mate'') and drunk through a metal straw (''bombilla'') (1) · Dried leaves, infused. Six major processings: white, green, yellow, oolong, black, pu-erh (1) · Dried leaves; absinthe liqueur (120–160 proof, with hyssop, lemon balm, fennel, anise, sometimes Acorus calamus) (1) · Fermented and roasted seeds, ground. Mexican tradition: drunk with chili, cornmeal, achiote. European tradition: with sugar and milk (1) · Flowers or leaves infused or smoked. Highly variable potency; narrow toxic margin (1) · Fresh leaves and tender twigs chewed; degrades on drying (1) · Fresh nuts chewed; also dried and powdered (1) · Ground dried seed (nutmeg) or fruit aril (mace); occasionally infused (1) · Leaves and seeds, traditionally smoked or infused. Possibly the original Pythia oracle plant (1) · Leaves chewed with a pinch of slaked lime (the lime converts cocaine HCl to freebase for buccal absorption); also drunk as tea (''mate de coca'') (1) · Leaves, berries, root. Historically: belladonna cigarettes ("Asthmador") OTC in US until the 1970s (1) · Parotid-gland venom expressed onto a glass plate, dried into a shellac-like resin, vaporized and inhaled (1) · Roasted seeds ground to powder, mixed with water; commercial syrups and energy drinks (1) · Root bark acid/base-extracted for DMT; or as the resurrected ''jurema preta'' brew (decocted with an MAOI such as ''Peganum harmala'') (1) · Root, traditionally carved into ''mannikens'' or infused into wine (1) · Toasted leaves and twigs decocted to a near-black concentrate (1) · Was: 170 mg/1.7 mL, 300 mg/3 mL vials for IV infusion (1)

None (418) · 10 mg/kg q2w (1) · 1400 mg q4w (1) · 240 mg loading + 120 mg/month for migraine; 300 mg/month for cluster (1) · 25 mg/day (ADHD per Desoxyn label); 15 mg/day (obesity, short-term, per Desoxyn label) (1) · 300 mg/quarter (1) · No fixed maximum; titrated to clinical endpoints (1) · Single 60-hour course (1) · Withdrawn 2024 (1)

None (398) · buccal); refined cocaine has its own profile (1) · inhalation (2) · Inhalation (vaporized) (1) · Intravenous (continuous infusion in a REMS-certified facility) (1) · Intravenous infusion (1) · IV (1) · IV infusion (60 min) every 2 weeks; outpatient or infusion-center setting (1) · IV infusion every 4 weeks (2) · Oral (14) · Oral (buccal absorption) (1) · Oral (buccal) (1) · Oral (leaf (1) · Oral (prescribed) (1) · Oral (with MAOI) (2) · smoked (extracted DMT) (1) · Subcutaneous (1) · topical (1)

None (415) · 15–30 min (2) · Amyloid PET clearance within months; cognitive benefit over 18 months (1) · Antidepressant effect within hours of infusion start; sustained at 30 days (1) · Effect demonstrated within 24 hours in some patients (1) · Immediate intravascular expansion (1) · Over weeks (1) · PET Aβ reduction over months (1) · Seconds (1) · Slow, 2–6 h (1) · Slowing of cognitive decline over 18 months (modest effect, ~27% relative slowing) (1)

None (414) · 12–24 h or longer (1) · 2–4 h (1) · 3-month dosing interval (1) · 3–4 h (1) · About 20 minutes (1) · Monthly dosing (1) · Ongoing dosing (1) · Roughly 20-30% remains intravascular at 1 hour (1) · Single infusion course (1) · Treatment can be discontinued upon achieving amyloid clearance (1) · Withdrawn (1) · ~15 min (1)

None (417) · 9–12 minutes (intravenous) (1) · Not applicable (electrolyte solution) (1) · ~12.1 days (1) · ~25 days (1) · ~27 days (2) · ~5 h (caffeine) (1) · ~5-7 days (1) · ~9 hours (terminal) (1)

None (418) · Category C (per Desoxyn label) (1) · Discontinued/withdrawn (1) · Limited data (2) · Limited data; avoid (2) · Medicine is structurally identical to endogenous allopregnanolone; pregnancy considerations relate to breastfeeding during/after infusion. Limited data; brief interruption of breastfeeding considered (1) · Standard resuscitation fluid in pregnancy (1)

None (412) · 5-MeO-DMT is Schedule I in US (since 2011); the toad itself is protected in several southwestern states (1) · Currently legal in most jurisdictions with thujone limits (1) · Leaves legal in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia; cocaine internationally controlled (1) · Plant unrestricted; pharmaceutical atropine Rx-only (1) · Rx (2) · Rx; ARIA monitoring required (1) · Rx; REMS program required (excessive sedation/loss of consciousness during infusion) (1) · Rx; REMS-like program for ARIA monitoring (1) · Schedule I in US since 1993 (despite traditional use elsewhere); legal in Ethiopia, Kenya, Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti (1) · Schedule II (1) · Withdrawn from US market January 2024 (1) · [[USLegal:DEA Schedule I|Schedule I]] (United States) (1) · [[USLegal:Prescription only|Rx-only]] in US (1)